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20.01 Magnesium Sulfate

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Overview

Magnesium Sulfate
1. Indications
  1. Treat hypomagnesemia
    1. Normal range 1.5-2.5
  2. Torsade de point
    1. Lethal arrhythmia caused by low Mg level- Code Blue!
  3. Preeclampsia
  4. Control seizures in pregnant women
  5. Maintain magnesium levels for patients receiving TPN
  6. Acute Asthma Exacerbations
    1. When patient is not responding to other treatments – usually last resort

Nursing Care

Assessment

Look for signs of Hyper magnesemia (toxicities = side effects of getting too much magnesium)
1. Low bp
2. Confusion
3. Irregular heart beat
4. Dizziness
5. Muscle weakness
6. Increase bleeding time
7. Diarrhoea
8. Depressed reflexes
9. Resp distress (very rare usually level >3)

Therapeutic Management

Monitor magnesium levels closely
Monitor kidney function
Monitor vital signs frequently when giving Magnesium via IV
1. Looking for signs of respiratory depression and irregular heart rythms

Nursing Concepts

Pharmacology
1. Magensium is a medication that may be prescribed for a variety of conditions in a hospital setting and requires close monitoring for toxicities.

Patient Education

Patients should be instructed to only take magnesium supplements under instructions of a provider.
Patient should monitor for signs of hypermagnesemia and instructed to contact their provider if they experience heart arrhythmias and changes in respiratory patterns.

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Pharmacology for Nursing (MedMaster)

Course Description

Jon Haws, BS, BSN, RN, CCRN Alumnus

Tarang Patel, DNP-NA, RN, CCRN, RPh

Nichole Weaver, MSN/Ed, RN, CCRN

Miriam Wahrman, MSN/Ed, RNC-MNN

Kara Tarr, BSN, RN

Nacole Riccaboni, MSN, AGACNP-BC, FNP-BC, CCRN, CMC

The Pharmacology Course is a one-stop-shop for all things medication related! We’ll talk you through how to be successful in pharmacology and how to be safe when administering meds. We break down the most common and most important medication classes into easy-to-understand sections. We even walk you through how to conquer the often intimidating med math and drug calculations! When you finish this course you’ll be able to confidently and safely administer medications to your patients!

Module 0 – Pharmacology Course Introduction

00.01 Pharmacology Course Introduction

Module 1 – NCLEX Must Knows

01.01 12 Points to Answering Pharmacology Questions

Questions: 20

01.02 54 Common Medication Prefixes and Suffixes

Questions: 20

01.03 Therapeutic Drug Levels (Digoxin, Lithium, Theophylline, Phenytoin)

Questions: 13

01.04 Essential NCLEX Meds by Class

Questions: 21

01.05 6 Rights of Medication Administration

Questions: 10

01.06 Pharmacodynamics

Questions: 5

01.07 Pharmacokinetics

Questions: 10

01.08 The SOCK Method – Overview

01.09 The SOCK Method – S

01.10 The SOCK Method – O

01.11 The SOCK Method – C

01.12 The SOCK Method – K

Module 2 – Math for Meds

02.01 Basics of Calculations

Questions: 10

Dimensional Analysis Nursing (dosage calculations/med math)

Questions: 1

02.03 Oral Medications

Questions: 7

02.04 Injectable Medications

Questions: 4

02.05 IV Infusions (Solutions)

Questions: 3

02.06 Complex Calculations (dosage calculations/med math)

Questions: 3

02.07 Interactive Pharmacology Practice

02.08 Interactive Practice Drip Calculations

02.09 Pediatric Dosage Calculations

Module 3 – Disease Specific Medications

03.01 Disease Specific Medications

Questions: 10

Module 4 – Antianxiety Agents

04.01 Antianxiety Meds

Questions: 2

04.02 Benzodiazepines

Questions: 10

04.03 Alprazolam (Xanax)

04.04 Lorazepam (Ativan)

04.05 Midazolam (Versed)

04.06 Diazepam (Valium)

04.07 Buspirone (Buspar)

03.03 Antianxiety Meds

Questions: 2

Module 5 – Antiarrhythmics

05.01 ACLS (Advanced cardiac life support) Drugs

Questions: 7

05.02 Amiodarone (Pacerone)

05.03 Adenosine (Adenocard)

05.04 Procainamide (Pronestyl)

Module 6 – Anticoagulants & Thrombolytics

06.01 Anti-Platelet Aggregate

Questions: 5

06.02 Clopidogrel (Plavix)

06.04 Warfarin (Coumadin)

Questions: 1

06.06 Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

06.08 Thrombolytics

Questions: 4

06.09 Alteplase (tPA, Activase)

06.10 Streptokinase (Streptase)

Questions: 1

Module 7 – Anticonvulsants

07.01 Anticonvulsants

Questions: 4

07.02 Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

07.03 Divalproex (Depakote)

07.04 Gabapentin (Neurontin)

07.05 Lamotrigine (Lamictal)

07.06 Levetiracetam (Keppra)

07.07 Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Module 8 – Antidepressants

08.01 Antidepressants

08.02 Bupropion (Wellbutrin)

Questions: 3

08.04 Selegiline (Eldepyrl)

Questions: 5

08.06 Escitalopram (Lexapro)

08.07 Fluoxetine (Prozac)

08.08 Paroxetine (Paxil)

08.09 Sertraline (Zoloft)

Questions: 3

08.11 Amitriptyline (Elavil)

Module 9 – Antidiabetic Agents

09.01 Antidiabetic Agents

Questions: 4

09.02 Glipizide (Glucotrol)

Questions: 12

09.05 Insulin – Rapid Acting (Novolog, Humalog)

09.06 Insulin – Short Acting (Regular)

09.07 Insulin – Intermediate Acting (NPH)

09.08 Insulin – Mixtures (70/30)

09.09 Insulin – Long Acting (Lantus)

Module 10 – Antihistamines

10.01 Histamine 1 Receptor Blockers

Questions: 1
Cheat Sheets: 1

10.02 Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

10.03 Promethazine (Phenergan)

10.04 Histamine 2 Receptor Blockers

Questions: 2

10.05 Cimetidine (Tagamet)

10.06 Famotidine (Pepcid)

10.07 Ranitidine (Zantac)

Module 11 – Antihypertensives

11.01 Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System

11.02 Sympatholytics (Alpha & Beta Blockers)

Questions: 16

11.03 Atenolol (Tenormin)

11.04 Metoprolol (Toprol XL)

11.05 Propranolol (Inderal)

11.06 ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) Inhibitors

Questions: 4

11.07 Captopril (Capoten)

11.08 Enalapril (Vasotec)

11.09 Lisinopril (Prinivil)

11.10 Angiotensin Receptor Blockers

11.11 Losartan (Cozaar)

11.12 Calcium Channel Blockers

Questions: 3

11.13 Amlodipine (Norvasc)

11.14 Diltiazem (Cardizem)

11.15 Nifedipine (Procardia)

11.16 Verapamil (Calan)

11.17 Cardiac Glycosides

Questions: 9

11.18 Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Module 12 – Anti-Infectives

12.01 Anti-Infective – Aminoglycosides

Questions: 5

12.02 Gentamicin (Garamycin)

12.03 Anti-Infective – Antifungals

Questions: 5

12.04 Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Questions: 1

12.05 Nystatin (Mycostatin)

12.06 Anti-Infective – Antitubercular

Questions: 5

12.07 Isoniazid (Niazid)

12.08 Rifampin (Rifadin)

12.09 Anti-Infective – Antivirals

Questions: 5

12.10 Acyclovir (Zovirax)

12.11 Anti-Infective – Carbapenems

Questions: 5

12.12 Meropenem (Merrem)

12.13 Anti-Infective – Fluoroquinolones

Questions: 6

12.14 Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

12.15 Levofloxacin (Levaquin)

12.16 Anti-Infective – Glycopeptide

Questions: 4

12.17 Vancomycin (Vancocin)

12.18 Anti-Infective – Lincosamide

Questions: 5

12.19 Clindamycin (Cleocin)

Questions: 2

12.20 Anti-Infective – Macrolides

Questions: 5

12.21 Erythromycin (Erythrocin)

12.22 Azithromycin (Zithromax)

12.23 Anti-Infective – Penicillins and Cephalosporins

Questions: 7

12.24 Amoxicillin (Amoxil)

12.25 Ampicillin (Omnipen)

12.26 Cefaclor (Ceclor)

12.27 Cefdinir (Omnicef)

12.28 Cephalexin (Keflex)

12.29 Anti-Infective – Sulfonamides

Questions: 5

12.30 Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)

12.31 Anti-Infective – Tetracyclines

Questions: 6

12.32 Tetracycline (Panmycin)

Module 13 – Antipsychotics

13.01 Atypical Antipsychotics

Questions: 2

13.02 Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

13.03 Antipsychotics

Questions: 5

13.04 Haloperidol (Haldol)

13.05 Quetiapine (Seroquel)

13.06 Olanzapine (Zyprexa)

Module 14 – Autonomic Nervous System Meds

14.01 Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

Questions: 4

14.02 Methylphenidate (Concerta)

14.03 Sympathomimetics (Alpha (Clonodine) & Beta (Albuterol) Agonists)

14.04 Dobutamine (Dobutrex)

14.05 Dopamine (Inotropin)

14.06 Carbidopa-Levodopa (Sinemet)

14.07 Parasympathomimetics (Cholinergics)

14.08 Neostigmine (Prostigmin)

14.09 Parasympatholytics (Anticholinergics)

Questions: 2

14.10 Atropine (Atropen)

14.11 Benztropine (Cogentin)

14.12 Diphenoxylate-Atropine (Lomotil)

Module 15 – Bronchodilators & Respiratory Drugs

15.01 Guaifenesin (Mucinex)

15.02 Bronchodilators

Questions: 2

15.03 Albuterol (Ventolin)

15.04 Montelukast (Singulair)

15.05 Salmeterol (Serevent)

Module 16 – Diuretics

16.01 Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)

Questions: 1

16.02 Furosemide (Lasix)

Questions: 4

16.03 Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril)

16.04 Spironolactone (Aldactone)

16.05 Mannitol (Osmitrol)

Module 17 – GI Meds

17.01 Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)

Questions: 1

17.02 Bismuth Subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)

17.03 Lactulose (Generlac)

17.04 Loperamide (Imodium)

17.05 Metoclopramide (Reglan)

17.06 Ondansetron (Zofran)

17.07 Pancrelipase (Pancreaze)

17.08 Sucralfate (Carafate)

17.09 Proton Pump Inhibitors

17.10 Omeprazole (Prilosec)

17.11 Pantoprazole (Protonix)

Module 18 – Hormone & Immune Related Drugs

18.01 Epoetin Alfa

Cheat Sheets: 2

18.02 Epoetin (Epogen)

18.03 Glucagon (GlucaGen)

Questions: 1

18.05 Levothyroxine (Synthroid)

18.06 Propylthiouracil (PTU)

18.07 Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)

Module 19 – Lipid Lowering Drugs

19.01 HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)

Questions: 2

19.02 Atorvastatin (Lipitor)

Module 20 – Mineral and Electrolyte Drugs

20.01 Magnesium Sulfate

Questions: 1
Cheat Sheets: 1

20.02 Magnesium Sulfate in Pregnancy

20.03 Magnesium Sulfate

20.04 Calcium Acetate (PhosLo)

20.05 Calcium Carbonate (Tums)

20.06 Ferrous Sulfate (Iron)

Questions: 4

20.07 Alendronate (Fosamax)

Module 21 – Mood Stabilizers

21.01 Mood Stabilizers

21.02 Lithium (Lithonate)

Module 22 – Non-Opioid Analgesics

22.01 Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

22.02 Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)

Questions: 1

Questions: 4

22.04 ASA (Aspirin)

Questions: 1

22.05 Celecoxib (Celebrex)

22.06 Ibuprofen (Motrin)

22.07 Indomethacin (Indocin)

22.08 Ketorolac (Toradol)

22.09 Naproxen (Aleve)

Module 23 – OB Meds

23.01 Tocolytics

Questions: 2

23.02 Terbutaline (Brethine)

23.03 Uterine Stimulants (Oxytocin, Pitocin)

Questions: 6

23.04 Meds for Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)

Questions: 9
Cheat Sheets: 1

23.05 Methylergonovine (Methergine)

23.06 Oxytocin (Pitocin)

23.07 Prostaglandins in Pregnancy

Questions: 1

23.08 Rh Immune Globulin in Pregnancy

Questions: 2

23.09 Lung Surfactant for Newborns

Questions: 4

23.10 Eye Prophylaxis for Newborn

Questions: 2

23.11 Phytonadione (Vitamin K) for Newborn

Questions: 4

23.12 Hepatitis B Vaccine for Newborns

Questions: 4

Module 24 – Opioid Analgesics

Questions: 7

24.02 Opioid Analgesics in Pregnancy

24.03 Butorphanol (Stadol)

24.04 Codeine (Paveral)

24.05 Fentanyl (Duragesic)

24.06 Hydrocodone-Acetaminophen (Vicodin, Lortab)

24.07 Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

24.08 Meperidine (Demerol)

24.09 Methadone (Methadose)

24.10 Morphine (MS Contin)

24.11 Nalbuphine (Nubain)

24.12 Oxycodone (OxyContin)

Module 25 – Sedatives / Hyponotics

25.01 Sedatives-Hypnotics

25.02 Barbiturates

Questions: 3

25.03 Phenobarbital (Luminal)

25.04 Pentobarbital (Nembutal)

25.05 Anesthetic Agents

Questions: 5

25.06 Propofol (Diprivan)

25.07 Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

Module 26 – Steroids

26.01 Corticosteroids

Questions: 5
Cheat Sheets: 1

26.02 Betamethasone and Dexamethasone in Pregnancy

Questions: 2

26.03 Cortisone (Cortone)

26.04 Dexamethasone (Decadron)

26.05 Fluticasone (Flonase)

26.06 Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)

Module 27 – Vasodilators

27.01 Hydralazine

Questions: 2

27.02 Hydralazine (Apresoline)

27.03 Nitro Compounds

Questions: 4
Cheat Sheets: 2

27.04 Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)

27.05 Nitroprusside (Nitropress)

Module 28 – Vasopressors

28.01 Vasopressin

Questions: 1

28.02 Epinephrine (EpiPen)

Questions: 2

28.03 Norepinephrine (Levophed)

28.04 Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Module 29 – Medications By Class

29.01 ACLS (Advanced cardiac life support) Drugs

29.02 Anti-Infective – Aminoglycosides

29.03 Anti-Infective – Carbapenems

29.04 Anti-Infective – Macrolides

29.05 Anti-Infective – Fluoroquinolones

29.06 Anti-Infective – Sulfonamides

29.07 Anti-Infective – Tetracyclines

Questions: 6

29.08 Anti-Infective – Antifungals

29.09 Anti-Infective – Antivirals

29.10 Anti-Infective – Lincosamide

29.11 Thrombolytics

29.12 Anticonvulsants

29.13 Antidiabetic Agents

29.14 Sympatholytics (Alpha & Beta Blockers)

29.15 Anti-Infective – Antitubercular

29.16 Anti-Infective – Glycopeptide

29.17 Bronchodilators

29.19 Barbiturates

29.20 Anesthetic Agents

Module 30- Antineoplastics

30.01 Antineoplastics

30.02 Alkylating Agents

30.03 Antimetabolites

30.04 Anti Tumor Antibiotics

30.05 Plant Alkaloids Topoisomerase and Mitotic Inhibitors

Module 31 – Medication Infusion

31.01 Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)

31.03 Insulin Drips

Question 1 of 1

A client with high blood pressure during labor has been given magnesium sulfate IV. In addition to the regulation of blood pressure and prevention of seizures, which of the following side effects would the nurse expect to see after administration of this medication?

Neck pain
Muscle weakness
Cool, pale skin
Constipation

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