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20.01 Magnesium Sulfate

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Overview

  1. Magnesium Sulfate
    1. Indications
      1. Treat hypomagnesemia
        1. Normal range 1.5-2.5
      2. Torsade de point
        1. Lethal arrhythmia caused by low Mg level- Code Blue!
      3. Preeclampsia
      4. Control seizures in pregnant women
      5. Maintain magnesium levels for patients receiving TPN
      6. Acute Asthma Exacerbations
        1. When patient is not responding to other treatments – usually last resort

Nursing Care

Assessment

  1. Look for signs of Hyper magnesemia (toxicities = side effects of getting too much magnesium)
    1. Low bp
    2. Confusion
    3. Irregular heart beat
    4. Dizziness
    5. Muscle weakness
    6. Increase bleeding time
    7. Diarrhoea
    8. Depressed reflexes
    9. Resp distress (very rare usually level >3)

Therapeutic Management

  1. Monitor magnesium levels closely
  2. Monitor kidney function
  3. Monitor vital signs frequently when giving Magnesium via IV
    1. Looking for signs of respiratory depression and irregular heart rythms

Nursing Concepts

  1. Pharmacology
    1. Magensium is a medication that may be prescribed for a variety of conditions in a hospital setting and requires close monitoring for toxicities.

Patient Education

  1. Patients should be instructed to only take magnesium supplements under instructions of a provider.
  2. Patient should monitor for signs of hypermagnesemia and instructed to contact their provider if they experience heart arrhythmias and changes in respiratory patterns.
Study Tools
Gestational Hypertension, Preeclampsia, Eclampsia (Care Plans)
Preeclampsia Pathochart (Cheat Sheet)
140 Must Know Meds (Books)
Magnesium Sulfate (Picmonic)

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Pharmacology for Nursing (MedMaster)

Course Description

Jon Haws, BS, BSN, RN, CCRN Alumnus

Tarang Patel, DNP-NA, RN, CCRN, RPh

Nichole Weaver, MSN/Ed, RN, CCRN

Miriam Wahrman, MSN/Ed, RNC-MNN

Kara Tarr, BSN, RN

Nacole Riccaboni, MSN, AGACNP-BC, FNP-BC, CCRN, CMC

Module 0 – Pharmacology Course Introduction
00.01 Pharmacology Course Introduction
Module 1 – NCLEX Must Knows
01.01 12 Points to Answering Pharmacology Questions
  • Questions: 20
01.02 54 Common Medication Prefixes and Suffixes
  • Questions: 20
01.03 Therapeutic Drug Levels (Digoxin, Lithium, Theophylline, Phenytoin)
  • Questions: 13
01.04 Essential NCLEX Meds by Class
  • Questions: 21
01.05 6 Rights of Medication Administration
  • Questions: 10
01.06 Pharmacodynamics
  • Questions: 5
01.07 Pharmacokinetics
  • Questions: 10
01.08 The SOCK Method – Overview
01.09 The SOCK Method – S
01.10 The SOCK Method – O
01.11 The SOCK Method – C
01.12 The SOCK Method – K
Module 2 – Math for Meds
02.01 Basics of Calculations
  • Questions: 10
Dimensional Analysis Nursing (dosage calculations/med math)
  • Questions: 1
02.03 Oral Medications
  • Questions: 7
02.04 Injectable Medications
  • Questions: 4
02.05 IV Infusions (Solutions)
  • Questions: 3
02.06 Complex Calculations (dosage calculations/med math)
  • Questions: 3
02.07 Interactive Pharmacology Practice
02.08 Interactive Practice Drip Calculations
02.09 Pediatric Dosage Calculations
Module 3 – Disease Specific Medications
03.01 Disease Specific Medications
  • Questions: 10
Module 4 – Antianxiety Agents
04.01 Antianxiety Meds
  • Questions: 2
04.02 Benzodiazepines
  • Questions: 10
04.03 Alprazolam (Xanax)
04.04 Lorazepam (Ativan)
04.05 Midazolam (Versed)
04.06 Diazepam (Valium)
04.07 Buspirone (Buspar)
03.03 Antianxiety Meds
  • Questions: 2
Module 5 – Antiarrhythmics
05.01 ACLS (Advanced cardiac life support) Drugs
  • Questions: 7
05.02 Amiodarone (Pacerone)
05.03 Adenosine (Adenocard)
05.04 Procainamide (Pronestyl)
Module 6 – Anticoagulants & Thrombolytics
06.01 Anti-Platelet Aggregate
  • Questions: 5
06.02 Clopidogrel (Plavix)
06.04 Warfarin (Coumadin)
  • Questions: 1
06.06 Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
06.07 Heparin
06.08 Thrombolytics
  • Questions: 4
06.09 Alteplase (tPA, Activase)
06.10 Streptokinase (Streptase)
  • Questions: 1
Module 7 – Anticonvulsants
07.01 Anticonvulsants
  • Questions: 4
07.02 Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
07.03 Divalproex (Depakote)
07.04 Gabapentin (Neurontin)
07.05 Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
07.06 Levetiracetam (Keppra)
07.07 Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Module 8 – Antidepressants
08.01 Antidepressants
08.02 Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
08.03 MAOIs
  • Questions: 3
08.04 Selegiline (Eldepyrl)
08.05 SSRIs
  • Questions: 5
08.06 Escitalopram (Lexapro)
08.07 Fluoxetine (Prozac)
08.08 Paroxetine (Paxil)
08.09 Sertraline (Zoloft)
08.10 TCAs
  • Questions: 3
08.11 Amitriptyline (Elavil)
Module 9 – Antidiabetic Agents
09.01 Antidiabetic Agents
  • Questions: 4
09.02 Glipizide (Glucotrol)
09.04 Insulin
  • Questions: 12
09.05 Insulin – Rapid Acting (Novolog, Humalog)
09.06 Insulin – Short Acting (Regular)
09.07 Insulin – Intermediate Acting (NPH)
09.08 Insulin – Mixtures (70/30)
09.09 Insulin – Long Acting (Lantus)
Module 10 – Antihistamines
10.01 Histamine 1 Receptor Blockers
  • Questions: 1
  • Cheat Sheets: 1
10.02 Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
10.03 Promethazine (Phenergan)
10.04 Histamine 2 Receptor Blockers
  • Questions: 2
10.05 Cimetidine (Tagamet)
10.06 Famotidine (Pepcid)
10.07 Ranitidine (Zantac)
Module 11 – Antihypertensives
11.01 Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System
11.02 Sympatholytics (Alpha & Beta Blockers)
  • Questions: 16
11.03 Atenolol (Tenormin)
11.04 Metoprolol (Toprol XL)
11.05 Propranolol (Inderal)
11.06 ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) Inhibitors
  • Questions: 4
11.07 Captopril (Capoten)
11.08 Enalapril (Vasotec)
11.09 Lisinopril (Prinivil)
11.10 Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
11.11 Losartan (Cozaar)
11.12 Calcium Channel Blockers
  • Questions: 3
11.13 Amlodipine (Norvasc)
11.14 Diltiazem (Cardizem)
11.15 Nifedipine (Procardia)
11.16 Verapamil (Calan)
11.17 Cardiac Glycosides
  • Questions: 9
11.18 Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Module 12 – Anti-Infectives
12.01 Anti-Infective – Aminoglycosides
  • Questions: 5
12.02 Gentamicin (Garamycin)
12.03 Anti-Infective – Antifungals
  • Questions: 5
12.04 Metronidazole (Flagyl)
  • Questions: 1
12.05 Nystatin (Mycostatin)
12.06 Anti-Infective – Antitubercular
  • Questions: 5
12.07 Isoniazid (Niazid)
12.08 Rifampin (Rifadin)
12.09 Anti-Infective – Antivirals
  • Questions: 5
12.10 Acyclovir (Zovirax)
12.11 Anti-Infective – Carbapenems
  • Questions: 5
12.12 Meropenem (Merrem)
12.13 Anti-Infective – Fluoroquinolones
  • Questions: 6
12.14 Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
12.15 Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
12.16 Anti-Infective – Glycopeptide
  • Questions: 4
12.17 Vancomycin (Vancocin)
12.18 Anti-Infective – Lincosamide
  • Questions: 5
12.19 Clindamycin (Cleocin)
  • Questions: 2
12.20 Anti-Infective – Macrolides
  • Questions: 5
12.21 Erythromycin (Erythrocin)
12.22 Azithromycin (Zithromax)
12.23 Anti-Infective – Penicillins and Cephalosporins
  • Questions: 7
12.24 Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
12.25 Ampicillin (Omnipen)
12.26 Cefaclor (Ceclor)
12.27 Cefdinir (Omnicef)
12.28 Cephalexin (Keflex)
12.29 Anti-Infective – Sulfonamides
  • Questions: 5
12.30 Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)
12.31 Anti-Infective – Tetracyclines
  • Questions: 6
12.32 Tetracycline (Panmycin)
Module 13 – Antipsychotics
13.01 Atypical Antipsychotics
  • Questions: 2
13.02 Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
13.03 Antipsychotics
  • Questions: 5
13.04 Haloperidol (Haldol)
13.05 Quetiapine (Seroquel)
13.06 Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Module 14 – Autonomic Nervous System Meds
14.01 Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
  • Questions: 4
14.02 Methylphenidate (Concerta)
14.03 Sympathomimetics (Alpha (Clonodine) & Beta (Albuterol) Agonists)
14.04 Dobutamine (Dobutrex)
14.05 Dopamine (Inotropin)
14.06 Carbidopa-Levodopa (Sinemet)
14.07 Parasympathomimetics (Cholinergics)
14.08 Neostigmine (Prostigmin)
14.09 Parasympatholytics (Anticholinergics)
  • Questions: 2
14.10 Atropine (Atropen)
14.11 Benztropine (Cogentin)
14.12 Diphenoxylate-Atropine (Lomotil)
Module 15 – Bronchodilators & Respiratory Drugs
15.01 Guaifenesin (Mucinex)
15.02 Bronchodilators
  • Questions: 2
15.03 Albuterol (Ventolin)
15.04 Montelukast (Singulair)
15.05 Salmeterol (Serevent)
Module 16 – Diuretics
16.01 Diuretics (Loop, Potassium Sparing, Thiazide, Furosemide/Lasix)
  • Questions: 1
16.02 Furosemide (Lasix)
  • Questions: 4
16.03 Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril)
16.04 Spironolactone (Aldactone)
16.05 Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Module 17 – GI Meds
17.01 Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
  • Questions: 1
17.02 Bismuth Subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)
17.03 Lactulose (Generlac)
17.04 Loperamide (Imodium)
17.05 Metoclopramide (Reglan)
17.06 Ondansetron (Zofran)
17.07 Pancrelipase (Pancreaze)
17.08 Sucralfate (Carafate)
17.09 Proton Pump Inhibitors
17.10 Omeprazole (Prilosec)
17.11 Pantoprazole (Protonix)
Module 18 – Hormone & Immune Related Drugs
18.01 Epoetin Alfa
  • Cheat Sheets: 2
18.02 Epoetin (Epogen)
18.03 Glucagon (GlucaGen)
  • Questions: 1
18.04 Iodine
18.05 Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
18.06 Propylthiouracil (PTU)
18.07 Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)
Module 19 – Lipid Lowering Drugs
19.01 HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
  • Questions: 2
19.02 Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Module 20 – Mineral and Electrolyte Drugs
20.01 Magnesium Sulfate
  • Questions: 1
  • Cheat Sheets: 1
20.02 Magnesium Sulfate in Pregnancy
20.03 Magnesium Sulfate
20.04 Calcium Acetate (PhosLo)
20.05 Calcium Carbonate (Tums)
20.06 Ferrous Sulfate (Iron)
  • Questions: 4
20.07 Alendronate (Fosamax)
Module 21 – Mood Stabilizers
21.01 Mood Stabilizers
21.02 Lithium (Lithonate)
Module 22 – Non-Opioid Analgesics
22.01 Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
22.02 Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)
  • Questions: 1
22.03 NSAIDs
  • Questions: 4
22.04 ASA (Aspirin)
  • Questions: 1
22.05 Celecoxib (Celebrex)
22.06 Ibuprofen (Motrin)
22.07 Indomethacin (Indocin)
22.08 Ketorolac (Toradol)
22.09 Naproxen (Aleve)
Module 23 – OB Meds
23.01 Tocolytics
  • Questions: 2
23.02 Terbutaline (Brethine)
23.03 Uterine Stimulants (Oxytocin, Pitocin)
  • Questions: 6
23.04 Meds for Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)
  • Questions: 9
  • Cheat Sheets: 1
23.05 Methylergonovine (Methergine)
23.06 Oxytocin (Pitocin)
23.07 Prostaglandins in Pregnancy
  • Questions: 1
23.08 Rh Immune Globulin in Pregnancy
  • Questions: 2
23.09 Lung Surfactant for Newborns
  • Questions: 4
23.10 Eye Prophylaxis for Newborn
  • Questions: 2
23.11 Phytonadione (Vitamin K) for Newborn
  • Questions: 4
23.12 Hepatitis B Vaccine for Newborns
  • Questions: 4
Module 24 – Opioid Analgesics
24.01 Opioids
  • Questions: 7
24.02 Opioid Analgesics in Pregnancy
24.03 Butorphanol (Stadol)
24.04 Codeine (Paveral)
24.05 Fentanyl (Duragesic)
24.06 Hydrocodone-Acetaminophen (Vicodin, Lortab)
24.07 Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
24.08 Meperidine (Demerol)
24.09 Methadone (Methadose)
24.10 Morphine (MS Contin)
24.11 Nalbuphine (Nubain)
24.12 Oxycodone (OxyContin)
Module 25 – Sedatives / Hyponotics
25.01 Sedatives-Hypnotics
25.02 Barbiturates
  • Questions: 3
25.03 Phenobarbital (Luminal)
25.04 Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
25.05 Anesthetic Agents
  • Questions: 5
25.06 Propofol (Diprivan)
25.07 Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Module 26 – Steroids
26.01 Corticosteroids
  • Questions: 5
  • Cheat Sheets: 1
26.02 Betamethasone and Dexamethasone in Pregnancy
  • Questions: 2
26.03 Cortisone (Cortone)
26.04 Dexamethasone (Decadron)
26.05 Fluticasone (Flonase)
26.06 Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
Module 27 – Vasodilators
27.01 Hydralazine
  • Questions: 2
27.02 Hydralazine (Apresoline)
27.03 Nitro Compounds
  • Questions: 4
  • Cheat Sheets: 2
27.04 Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)
27.05 Nitroprusside (Nitropress)
Module 28 – Vasopressors
28.01 Vasopressin
  • Questions: 1
28.02 Epinephrine (EpiPen)
  • Questions: 2
28.03 Norepinephrine (Levophed)
28.04 Vasopressin (Pitressin)
Module 29 – Medications By Class
29.01 ACLS (Advanced cardiac life support) Drugs
29.02 Anti-Infective – Aminoglycosides
29.03 Anti-Infective – Carbapenems
29.04 Anti-Infective – Macrolides
29.05 Anti-Infective – Fluoroquinolones
29.06 Anti-Infective – Sulfonamides
29.07 Anti-Infective – Tetracyclines
  • Questions: 6
29.08 Anti-Infective – Antifungals
29.09 Anti-Infective – Antivirals
29.10 Anti-Infective – Lincosamide
29.11 Thrombolytics
29.12 Anticonvulsants
29.13 Antidiabetic Agents
29.14 Sympatholytics (Alpha & Beta Blockers)
29.15 Anti-Infective – Antitubercular
29.16 Anti-Infective – Glycopeptide
29.17 Bronchodilators
29.18 Opioids
29.19 Barbiturates
29.20 Anesthetic Agents
Module 30- Antineoplastics
30.01 Antineoplastics
30.02 Alkylating Agents
30.03 Antimetabolites
30.04 Anti Tumor Antibiotics
30.05 Plant Alkaloids Topoisomerase and Mitotic Inhibitors
Module 31 – Medication Infusion
31.01 Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)
31.02 Epidural
31.03 Insulin Drips
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