01.07 Basic Geometry

Overview

1. Lines and Angles – Vocabulary for the Basics of Geometry
   1. Point – A Location with No Dimension
   2. Lines and Rays – Connected Points in a Row, Rays Continue One Side
   3. Angles – Intersected Rays, Measured by Degrees
   4. Parallel Lines – Never Intersect
   5. Perpendicular Lines – Intersect, Create 4 Right Angles
   6. Geometry Groups 2 Dimensional vs. 3 Dimensional Shapes
2. 2 Dimensional Shapes: Recognize Properties to Measure Them and Solve Problems
   1. Properties – Recognize Properties for Problem Solving
      1. Triangles – 3 Sides and 3 Internal Angles;
         1. Classified by Angle Measure and Side Measure
         2. Sum of 3 Angles = 180 degrees
      2. Quadrilaterals – 4 Sides and 4 Internal Angles
         1. Squares – Opposite Sides Parallel, All Sides Equal Length, All Angles 90 degrees
         2. Rectangles – Opposite Sides Parallel, Opposite Sides Equal Length, All Angles 90 degrees
      3. Circles – Closed, Curved, All Points on Curve are Equal Distance from Center; Diameter and Radius
   2. Measurement of 2 Dimensional Shapes – Recognize the Formulas
      1. Perimeter – Total Measurement Around the Outside Boundary
      2. Area – Measure, in Square Units, of the Area Enclosed in the Shape’s Boundary
      3. Circumference – Perimeter for Circles
      4. Composite Figures – Break down shapes into recognizable ones that are easier to measure, and add them up.
3. 3 Dimensional Shapes: Properties of Common Solid Objects; Measure Surface Area as Composite Shapes, Volume is Filling the Object
   1. Cubes – 6 Square Faces, All Right Angles
   2. Rectangular Prisms – 6 Rectangular Faces, Opposite Sides Equal
   3. Pyramids – A Square/Rectangle Base + Triangles meeting at Apex (point)
4. Pythagorean Theorem – Famous Proposition about Measuring 3 Sides of Right Triangle, Found on Standardized Tests
   1. Important Vocabulary for Pythagorean Theorem
   2. a(squared) + b(squared) = c(squared)