<h6>Pathophysiology: Pneumothorax- A trauma occurs to the pleural space and air accumulates within the space. This puts positive pressure in a space that is normally filled with negative pressure. The air within the space compresses and collapses the lung.</h6>
Hemothorax- B
<h6>Blood collects in the pleural cavity (the space between the chest wall and the lungs). This can cause the lungs to collapse.</h6>
Overview
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Pneumothorax &#8211; air rushes into pleural space</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Hemothorax &#8211; blood accumulates in pleural space</li>
</ol>
<h3>Nursing Points</h3>
<h4 style="padding-left: 30px;">General</h4>
<ol style="padding-left: 60px;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Pneumothorax
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Spontaneous &#8211; no obvious injury
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Primary &#8211; ruptured bleb in otherwise healthy patient</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Secondary &#8211; rupture of distended alveoli
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">COPD</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Positive Pressure Ventilation </li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Penetrating Trauma
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Punctured lung &#8211; air escapes</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Tension Pneumothorax
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Buildup of air → shifts mediastinum to unaffected side</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Pressure on large vessels</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Decreased venous return
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">↓ cardiac output</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Medical Emergency</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Hemothorax
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Penetrating or Blunt Trauma</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Ruptured vessels (rib fractures)</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Bleeding lesion/mass/tumor</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 style="padding-left: 30px;">Assessment</h4>
<ol style="padding-left: 60px;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">General
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Decreased or absent breath sounds on affected side</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Decreased or asymmetrical chest expansion on affected side</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Dyspnea</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Specific
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Dullness on percussion (Hemo)</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Hyperresonance on percussion (Pneumo)</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Tracheal deviation to unaffected side (Tension Pneumo)</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 style="padding-left: 30px;">Therapeutic Management</h4>
<ol style="padding-left: 60px;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">High-Fowler’s Position</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Oxygen</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Remove air/blood
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Chest Tube Insertion</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Needle Decompression (for tension pneumothorax)</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Thoracentesis</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Three-Sided Dressing
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">For open pneumo (“sucking chest wound”)</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Nonporous, occlusive dressing taped on three sides</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Creates one-way valve to allow air to escape, but not return</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4 style="padding-left: 30px;">Nursing Concepts</h4>
<ol style="padding-left: 60px;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Oxygenation/Gas Exchange
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Supplemental O2</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">High-Fowler’s</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Manage Chest Tube(s)</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Comfort
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Analgesics</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Position of comfort</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Safety
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Three-sided dressing
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Also used if chest tube accidentally dislodged</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h3>Patient Education</h3>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Process for Chest Tube placement or thoracentesis (see those two lessons for details)</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Deep breathing exercises to prevent atelectasis in good lung</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Good lung down positioning to improve perfusion to good lung</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; width: 100%;background:white;border-radius:4px;padding:20px">
 <center>
 Want to learn more? View a suggested lesson<h4 style="margin: 10px;"><a href="https://admin.nursing.com/lesson/nursing-mnemonics-p-thorax/" style="text-decoration:none;">Pneumothorax Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (P-THORAX)</a></h4><h4 style="margin: 10px;"><a href="https://admin.nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-for-pneumothorax-hemothorax/" style="text-decoration:none;">Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Pneumothorax/Hemothorax</a></h4></center>
 </div>

Med-Surg | Respiratory

pneumothorax-hemothorax

Nursing Care and Pathophysiology for Pneumothorax &amp; Hemothorax

In this course, you'll be able to learn different mnemonics that will help you to remember the need to know nursing information!

nursing-mnemonics-cram

Aortic Aneurysm – Management Nursing Mnemonic (CRAM)

nursing-mnemonics-pee-bads

Aortic Aneurysm – Thoracic signs Nursing Mnemonic (PEE BADS)

nursing-mnemonics-sad

Aortic Stenosis Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SAD)

nursing-mnemonics-be-joan-of-arc

Bacterial Endocarditis – Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Be Joan Of Arc)

nursing-mnemonics-toilet-paper-my-ass

Cardiac Valves Blood Flow Nursing Mnemonic (Toilet Paper my Ass)

nursing-mnemonics-the-5-ps

Circulatory Checks (5 P’s) Nursing Mnemonic (The 5 P’s)

nursing-mnemonics-i-have-a-right-to-camp-if-you-left-off-the-ac

Coronary Arteries – Location Nursing Mnemonic (I have a RIGHT to CAMP if you LEFT off the AC)

nursing-mnemonics-please-read-his-text

Cor Pulmonale – Signs & Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Please Read His Text)

nursing-mnemonics-unload-fast

CHF Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (UNLOAD FAST)

nursing-mnemonics-the-4-ts

Cyanotic Defects Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 T’s)

nursing-mnemonics-chop

Heart Failure-Left-Sided Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP)

nursing-mnemonics-left-lung-right-rest

Heart Failure-Origin Nursing Mnemonic (Left – Lung|Right – Rest)

nursing-mnemonics-head

Heart Failure – Right Sided Nursing Mnemonic (HEAD)

nursing-mnemonics-ape-to-man

Heart Sounds Nursing Mnemonic (APE To Man – All People Enjoy Time Magazine)

nursing-mnemonics-the-4-cs

Hypertension- Complications Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 C’s)

nursing-mnemonics-diuretic

Hypertension – Nursing care Nursing Mnemonic (DIURETIC)

nursing-mnemonics-vak

Increase MAP Nursing Mnemonic (VAK)

nursing-mnemonics-hard-ass-mrs-msd

Murmur locations Nursing Mnemonic (hARD ASS MRS. MSD)

nursing-mnemonics-tv-sparc-cube

Shock – Signs and symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TV SPARC CUBE)

nursing-mnemonics-his-leg-might-fall-off

Vascular Disease – Deep Vein Thrombosis Nursing Mnemonic (HIS Leg Might Fall off)

nursing-mnemonics-cold-hand

Vascular disease – Raynaud’s symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (COLD HAND)

nursing-mnemonics-triple-h-therapy

Vasospasm Therapy Nursing Mnemonic (Triple H Therapy)

Cardiovascular (Cardiac, CVD) Mnemonics

nursing-mnemonics-kult

Anion Gap Acidosis 1 Nursing Mnemonic (KULT)

nursing-mnemonics-mudpiles

Anion Gap Acidosis 2 Nursing Mnemonic (MUDPILES)

nursing-mnemonics-rome

Arterial Blood Gases Nursing Mnemonic (ROME)

nursing-mnemonics-universally-odd

Blood Type O Nursing Mnemonic (Universally Odd)

nursing-mnemonics-piso

Electrolytes – Location in Body Nursing Mnemonic (PISO)

nursing-mnemonics-groans-moans-bones-stones-overtones

Hypercalcemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (GROANS, MOANS, BONES, STONES, OVERTONES)

nursing-mnemonics-machine

Hyperkalemia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MACHINE)

nursing-mnemonics-dry-hot-insulin-shot

Hyperglycemia Management Nursing Mnemonic (Dry and Hot – Insulin Shot)

nursing-mnemonics-aired

Hyperkalemia – Management Nursing Mnemonic (AIRED)

nursing-mnemonics-murder

Hyperkalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Murder)

nursing-mnemonics-model

Hypernatremia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MODEL)

nursing-mnemonics-salt

Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SALT)

nursing-mnemonics-cats

Hypocalcemia – Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CATS)

nursing-mnemonics-tired

Hypoglycemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TIRED)

nursing-mnemonics-6-ls

Hypokalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (6 L’s)

nursing-mnemonics-salt-loss

Hyponatremia- Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SALT LOSS)

nursing-mnemonics-all-dogs-eat-kibble

Vitamins – Fat Soluble Nursing Mnemonic (All Dogs Eat Kibble)

nursing-mnemonics-birth-control

Vitamins – Water Soluble Nursing Mnemonic (Birth Control)

Electrolytes & Labs Mnemonics

nursing-mnemonics-batted

ADLs (Activity of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (BATTED)

nursing-mnemonics-beep

Bleeding Complications (Minor) Nursing Mnemonic (BEEP)

nursing-mnemonics-mr-dice-runs

Mnemonic for Organ Systems (MR DICE RUNS)

nursing-mnemonics-randi

Bleeding Precautions Nursing Mnemonic (RANDI)

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Canes Nursing Mnemonic (COAL)

nursing-mnemonics-clpn

Caring Licensed Practical Nurse Nursing Mnemonic (CLPN)

nursing-mnemonics-cho-cho-chon

CHO, CHO, CHON Nursing Mnemonic (CHO, CHO, CHON)

nursing-mnemonics-map-it

Community Health Tool Nursing Mnemonic (MAP-IT)

nursing-mnemonics-i-prepare

Environmental Health Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (I PREPARE)

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Exercise Guidelines Nursing Mnemonic (FIT)

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Fire Safety 1 Nursing Mnemonic (PASS)

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Fire Safety 2 Nursing Mnemonic (RACE)

nursing-mnemonics-brow

Gluten Free Diet Nursing Mnemonic (BROW)

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High Pressure Vent Alarms Nursing Mnemonic (Kings Eat Big Cakes)

nursing-mnemonics-scum

IADLS (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (SCUM)

nursing-mnemonics-never-carry-dirty-socks-or-smelly-clothes

Levels of consciousness Nursing Mnemonic (Never Carry Dirty Socks Or Smelly Clothes)

nursing-mnemonics-cake-everyday

Low Pressure Vent Alarms Nursing Mnemonic (Cake Everyday)

nursing-mnemonics-opqrst

Pain Assessment Questions Nursing Mnemonic (OPQRST)

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Planning Community Health Interventions Nursing Mnemonic (PRECEDE-PROCEED)

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Promotion and Evaluation of Normal Elimination Nursing Mnemonic (POOPER SCOOP)

nursing-mnemonics-perrla

Pupil Reactions Nursing Mnemonic (PERRLA)

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Safety Check Nursing Mnemonic (MADLE)

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SBAR Communication Nursing Mnemonic (SBAR)

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Steps In The Nursing Process 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SOAPIE)

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Stoke Assessments Nursing Mnemonic (FAST)

nursing-mnemonics-adpie-a-delicious-pie

Steps in the Nursing Process 1 Nursing Mnemonic (ADPIE)

nursing-mnemonics-aapie-an-apple-pie

Steps in the Nursing Process 2 Nursing Mnemonic (AAPIE)

nursing-mnemonics-abcdefghi

Trauma – Assessment (Emergency) Nursing Mnemonic (ABCDEFGHI)

nursing-mnemonics-traumatic

Trauma – Complications Nursing Mnemonic (TRAUMATIC)

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Trauma Surgery – Medical History Nursing Mnemonic (AMPLE)

nursing-mnemonics-start

Triage Nursing Mnemonic (START)

nursing-mnemonics-wandering-wilma-always-late

Walkers Nursing Mnemonic (Wandering Wilma Always Late)

old-carts

OLD CARTS Mnemonic (OLD CARTS)

Fundamentals & Nursing Process Mnemonics

nursing-mnemonics-anorexia

Anorexia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANOREXIA)

nursing-mnemonics-pains

Appendicitis – Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (PAINS)

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Bulimia – Signs and Symptoms 1 Nursing Mnemonic (BULIMIA)

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Bulimia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (WASHED)

nursing-mnemonics-christmas

Crohn’s Morphology and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CHRISTMAS)

nursing-mnemonics-please-bring-happy-energy

Cirrhosis Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Please Bring Happy Energy)

nursing-mnemonics-bad-hits

Causes of Pancreatitis Nursing Mnemonic (BAD HITS)

nursing-mnemonics-brat

Diarrhea – Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (BRAT)

nursing-mnemonics-please-fix-his-abscess-soon

Diverticulitis Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Please Fix His Abscess SOon)

nursing-mnemonics-air-raid

Epiglottitis – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (AIR RAID)

nursing-mnemonics-reflux-is-probably-mean

GERD causes Nursing Mnemonic (Reflux Is Probably Mean)

nursing-mnemonics-her-belly-really-hurts-following-dinner

Hiatal Hernia Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Her Belly Really Hurts Following Dinner)

nursing-mnemonics-5-fs

Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis Nursing Mnemonic (5-F’s)

nursing-mnemonics-the-3-cs

Tracheal Esophageal Fistula – Sign and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (The 3 C’s)

Reasons for Chest Tube Nursing Mnemonic (Don’t Ever Fail)

Included In This Lesson

Outline

Don’t Ever Fail

Description

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Associated Lessons

Nursing Mnemonics

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