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Celiac Disease Pathochart (Cheat Sheet)
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We are going to work on the nursing care plan together for celiac disease. So, the pathophysiology celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder and it causes your body to react adversely to gluten. And that is just a protein that's found in wheat, barley, and rye. So some nursing considerations that we want to keep on the forefront. We want to keep track of fluid management. These patients often have a lot of vomiting and diarrhea, so we want to make sure that their fluid status is on the positive end. We want to make sure we avoid gluten and teach the patients which foods contain gluten and which ones to separate and keep out of their diet. We want to replace those electrolytes that are lost with vomiting and diarrhea. The desired outcome for these patients is that we want this patient to maintain adequate nutrition.
It's very important that the patient maintain adequate fluid balance as well as appropriately meet all developmental milestones, because there definitely are some developmental milestones that could be missed with celiac disease. So subjective data, the patient's going to come in, we're going to see the patient and the patient is going to tell us a few things. What are some things that you think the patient would be concerned about or, uh, what have, uh, presenting the symptoms? Well, if they consume gluten, we can definitely say that there's going to be some abdominal pain. It just upsets your stomach. They also want to have a poor appetite. They don't want those symptoms. So in order to avoid those symptoms, they just won't eat. They're going to be irritable. They are going to complain of constant headaches and these symptoms are going to arise or worsen after they consume gluten. So we wouldn't say gluten equals no objective data. What are some things that we're going to observe from the patients? Well, the patient is going to have some vomiting, some diarrhea, they'll have some muscle wasting, and they'll have a rash. Also these patients with celiac disease are short, so they will typically have a short stature. As far as their height. They also have some delayed puberty and some learning disabilities. Oftentimes these patients present with lack of muscle coordination and, in some of the severe cases, they will be at risk for seizures.
So, for this patient, what are some things that we want to be mindful of as far as our nursing intervention? Well, the first nursing intervention that is important is assessment. We want to assess the mouth and the skin. The reason why is because these patients are always vomiting. And what is vomit? It has a lot of acid from the stomach. So the teeth may have areas of this coloration often caused by nutritional deficit; deficiencies and chronic vomiting. Itchy blistery rash may occur on the elbows, knees, and buttocks in severe cases. And that actually has a name called dermatitis. We also want to make sure that we address the vomiting or the diarrhea as appropriate. The excessive vomiting and diarrhea can cause severe fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and it should be addressed as soon as possible. We want to prevent long-term complications or circulatory collapse. So we want to keep fluids positive. We want that balance to be positive. We want to do things to decrease vomiting and diarrhea.
We're going to administer medications and supplements as required. These patients are not able to eat the same foods as other people, because a lot of foods do contain gluten. We want to make sure that they're getting supplementation for those foods and those supplements that they aren't able to get via eating. So calcium and vitamin supplements may be given orally or by injection for better absorption. We want to provide education regarding possible trigger foods. We want to recommend keeping a dialogue in order to determine triggers to avoid. So oftentimes these patients and their family members will just keep a diet log. And this is just telling what they eat for breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snack. And then we'll see, okay, Hey, you should probably stay away from this. Cause this is definitely a trigger food. It's all about education.
We want to assess the patient once again for growth and developmental milestones. Children with celiac disease often have delays in meeting developmental milestones, especially if they're diagnosed later in childhood. And that just comes from a lack of certain minerals and vitamins that are essential to development as children. So gluten-free foods are the way to go. This here, you see, is a picture of a week and you know what we don't want and we cannot have. There are many gluten-free foods that patients with celiac disease can enjoy, so they can have fruits, vegetables, beans, lentils, meat, and corn-based products that also contain no gluten. Rice, soy and nuts are also gluten free. So there is a wide variety of foods that the patients with celiac disease can still enjoy and have a satisfying diet. Some key points. Let's focus on these key points because these are essential to ensuring that you understand the content for celiac disease.
So the pathophysiology, once again, celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder. So that means it's against your body. It's just your body reacting adversely to gluten that's found in wheat, barley and rye. The patient is going to complain of abdominal pain. They're going to have a poor appetite. They're going to be irritable with headaches. Some objective data that we are going to be able to see is vomiting, diarrhea, learning disabilities. There's going to be a rash on the elbows, knees or buttocks, some diet considerations. That's what is prime for managing these patients? We want the patients to avoid gluten and we will use supplements in this case to increase vitamin absorption, fluid and electrolytes. These patients are chronically dehydrated. So we want to make sure we administer IV fluids for dehydration, and we replace electrolytes that were lost with vomiting and diarrhea. We love you guys. NOw, go out and be your best selves today and,as always, happy nursing.
It's very important that the patient maintain adequate fluid balance as well as appropriately meet all developmental milestones, because there definitely are some developmental milestones that could be missed with celiac disease. So subjective data, the patient's going to come in, we're going to see the patient and the patient is going to tell us a few things. What are some things that you think the patient would be concerned about or, uh, what have, uh, presenting the symptoms? Well, if they consume gluten, we can definitely say that there's going to be some abdominal pain. It just upsets your stomach. They also want to have a poor appetite. They don't want those symptoms. So in order to avoid those symptoms, they just won't eat. They're going to be irritable. They are going to complain of constant headaches and these symptoms are going to arise or worsen after they consume gluten. So we wouldn't say gluten equals no objective data. What are some things that we're going to observe from the patients? Well, the patient is going to have some vomiting, some diarrhea, they'll have some muscle wasting, and they'll have a rash. Also these patients with celiac disease are short, so they will typically have a short stature. As far as their height. They also have some delayed puberty and some learning disabilities. Oftentimes these patients present with lack of muscle coordination and, in some of the severe cases, they will be at risk for seizures.
So, for this patient, what are some things that we want to be mindful of as far as our nursing intervention? Well, the first nursing intervention that is important is assessment. We want to assess the mouth and the skin. The reason why is because these patients are always vomiting. And what is vomit? It has a lot of acid from the stomach. So the teeth may have areas of this coloration often caused by nutritional deficit; deficiencies and chronic vomiting. Itchy blistery rash may occur on the elbows, knees, and buttocks in severe cases. And that actually has a name called dermatitis. We also want to make sure that we address the vomiting or the diarrhea as appropriate. The excessive vomiting and diarrhea can cause severe fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and it should be addressed as soon as possible. We want to prevent long-term complications or circulatory collapse. So we want to keep fluids positive. We want that balance to be positive. We want to do things to decrease vomiting and diarrhea.
We're going to administer medications and supplements as required. These patients are not able to eat the same foods as other people, because a lot of foods do contain gluten. We want to make sure that they're getting supplementation for those foods and those supplements that they aren't able to get via eating. So calcium and vitamin supplements may be given orally or by injection for better absorption. We want to provide education regarding possible trigger foods. We want to recommend keeping a dialogue in order to determine triggers to avoid. So oftentimes these patients and their family members will just keep a diet log. And this is just telling what they eat for breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snack. And then we'll see, okay, Hey, you should probably stay away from this. Cause this is definitely a trigger food. It's all about education.
We want to assess the patient once again for growth and developmental milestones. Children with celiac disease often have delays in meeting developmental milestones, especially if they're diagnosed later in childhood. And that just comes from a lack of certain minerals and vitamins that are essential to development as children. So gluten-free foods are the way to go. This here, you see, is a picture of a week and you know what we don't want and we cannot have. There are many gluten-free foods that patients with celiac disease can enjoy, so they can have fruits, vegetables, beans, lentils, meat, and corn-based products that also contain no gluten. Rice, soy and nuts are also gluten free. So there is a wide variety of foods that the patients with celiac disease can still enjoy and have a satisfying diet. Some key points. Let's focus on these key points because these are essential to ensuring that you understand the content for celiac disease.
So the pathophysiology, once again, celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder. So that means it's against your body. It's just your body reacting adversely to gluten that's found in wheat, barley and rye. The patient is going to complain of abdominal pain. They're going to have a poor appetite. They're going to be irritable with headaches. Some objective data that we are going to be able to see is vomiting, diarrhea, learning disabilities. There's going to be a rash on the elbows, knees or buttocks, some diet considerations. That's what is prime for managing these patients? We want the patients to avoid gluten and we will use supplements in this case to increase vitamin absorption, fluid and electrolytes. These patients are chronically dehydrated. So we want to make sure we administer IV fluids for dehydration, and we replace electrolytes that were lost with vomiting and diarrhea. We love you guys. NOw, go out and be your best selves today and,as always, happy nursing.
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