Respiratory Infections (Pneumonia)

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Respiratory Failure (Acute, Chronic, Failure to Wean)
Thoracic Surgery (Lobectomy, Pneumonectomy)

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Outline

Respiratory Infections (Pneumonia)

 

Definition/Etiology:

  • Pneumonia
    • Infection within the air sacs of the lungs
  • Causes
    • Aspiration
    • Bacteria
    • Virus
    • Fungus

 

Pathophysiology:

  • Fluid, pus, or blood in alveolar sacs.  Bacteria, virus, or fungus growing (infection). Can prevent oxygen from effectively getting into the blood steam

 

Noticing: Assessment & Recognizing Cues:

  • Symptoms
    • Fever
    • Crackles/Rhonchi
    • Shortness of breath
    • Cough (prod or non-prod)
    • Vital sign changes

 

Interpreting: Analyzing & Planning:

  • Diagnostics
    • Chest x-ray
    • Sputum culture
  • Labs
    • Complete Blood Count (CBC)
    • blood cultures

 

Responding: Patient Interventions & Taking Action:

  • Oxygen
  • Antibiotics
  • IV Fluids
  • Fever management
  • Cough meds

 

Reflecting: Evaluating Patient Outcomes:

  • Symptoms improvement
    • Normothermic
    • Lungs clear
    • Cough decreased or gone
    • Vital signs stabilize

 

Linchpins (Key Points):

  • Recognize infection early.
  • Treat the infection.
  • Manage the symptoms.

 

 

 

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~Jordan

Transcript

References



 

 
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“Would suggest to all nursing students . . . Guaranteed to ease the stress!”

~Jordan

Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)

Beth Hendricks
Beth Hendricks
RN, MSN, PCCN-K

Emily Nelson
Emily Nelson
RN, DNP, NPD-BC, PCCN-K, CNE

PCCN- Cardiovascular

Atrial Dysrhythmias

    Ventricular Dysrhythmias

      Acute Coronary Syndromes (MI-ST and Non ST, Unstable Angina)

        Acute Inflammatory Disease (Myocarditis, Endocarditis, Pericarditis)

          Aneurysm (Dissecting, Repair)

            Cardiac Surgery (Post-ICU Care)

              Cardiac Tamponade

                Cardiac/Vascular Catheterization (Diagnostic, Interventional)

                  Cardiogenic Shock

                    Cardiomyopathies (Dilated, Hypertrophic, Restrictive)

                      AV Blocks Dysrhythmias

                        Heart Failure (Acute Exacerbations, Chronic)

                          Hypertension (Uncontrolled) and Hypertensive Crisis

                            Minimally-Invasive Cardiac Surgery (Non-Sternal Approach)

                              Valvular Heart Disease

                                Vascular Disease

                                  PCCN- Pulmonary

                                  Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

                                    Asthma (Severe)

                                      COPD Exacerbation

                                        Minimally-Invasive Thoracic Surgery (VATS)

                                          Obstructive Sleep Apnea

                                            Pleural Space Complications (Pneumothorax, Hemothorax, Pleural Effusion, Empyema, Chylothorax)

                                              Pulmonary Embolism

                                                Pulmonary Hypertension

                                                  Respiratory Depression (Medication-Induced, Decreased-LOC-Induced)

                                                    Respiratory Failure (Acute, Chronic, Failure to Wean)

                                                      Respiratory Infections (Pneumonia)

                                                        Thoracic Surgery (Lobectomy, Pneumonectomy)

                                                          PCCN- Endocrine/Hematology/Neurology/Gastrointestinal/Renal

                                                          Diabetes Mellitus

                                                            Diabetic Ketoacidosis

                                                              Hyperglycemia

                                                                Hypoglycemia

                                                                  Anemia

                                                                    Coagulopathies, Medication-Induced (Coumadin, Platelet Inhibitors, Heparin, HIT)

                                                                      Encephalopathy (Hypoxic-ischemic, Metabolic, Infectious, Hepatic)

                                                                        Seizure Disorder

                                                                          Stroke

                                                                            Functional GI Disorders (Obstruction, Ileus, Diabetic Gastroparesis, Gastroesophageal Reflux, Irritable Bowel Syndrome)

                                                                              GI Bleed (Upper, Lower)

                                                                                GI Infections (C. difficile)

                                                                                  GI Surgeries (Resections, Esophagogastrectomy, Bariatric)

                                                                                    Hepatic Disorders (Cirrhosis, Hepatitis, Portal Hypertension)

                                                                                      Ischemic Bowel

                                                                                        Malnutrition (Failure to Thrive, Malabsorption Disorders)

                                                                                          Pancreatitis

                                                                                            Renal Failure- Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

                                                                                              Electrolyte Imbalances

                                                                                                End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)

                                                                                                  Substance Abuse (Chronic Alcohol Abuse, Chronic Drug Abuse)

                                                                                                    PCCN- Musculoskeletal/Multisystem/Psychosocial

                                                                                                    Functional Issues (Immobility, Falls, Gait Disorders)

                                                                                                      End of Life

                                                                                                        Healthcare-Acquired Infections: Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CAUTI)

                                                                                                          Healthcare-Acquired Infections: Central-Line-Associated Infections (CLABSI)

                                                                                                            Healthcare-Acquired Infections: Surgical Site Infections (SSI)

                                                                                                              Infectious Diseases: Influenza

                                                                                                                Infectious Diseases: Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MRSA, VRE, CRE, ESBL)

                                                                                                                  Pain- (Acute, Chronic)

                                                                                                                    Palliative Care

                                                                                                                      Pressure Injuries (Ulcers)

                                                                                                                        Rhabdomyolysis

                                                                                                                          Sepsis

                                                                                                                            Shock States (Anaphylactic, Hypovolemic)

                                                                                                                              Toxic Ingestion, Inhalation, Overdose

                                                                                                                                Wounds (Infectious, Surgical, Trauma)

                                                                                                                                  Altered Mental Status- Delirium and Dementia

                                                                                                                                    Disruptive Behaviors, Aggression, Violence

                                                                                                                                      Psychological Disorders (Anxiety, Depression)

                                                                                                                                        Substance Abuse (Alcohol, Drug Withdrawal)

                                                                                                                                          Substance Abuse (Chronic Alcohol Abuse, Chronic Drug Abuse)

                                                                                                                                            Substance Abuse (Drug-Seeking Behavior)

                                                                                                                                              Pulmonary Embolism

                                                                                                                                                PCCN- Professional Caring and Ethical Practice

                                                                                                                                                Advocacy & Moral Judgement

                                                                                                                                                  Caring Practices

                                                                                                                                                    Response to Diversity

                                                                                                                                                      Facilitation of Learning

                                                                                                                                                        Collaboration

                                                                                                                                                          Systems Thinking

                                                                                                                                                            Clinical Inquiry